processes

ies: Independent increments. Poisson distribution of counts in fixed intervals. Memoryless inter-arrival times. Applications: queuing theory, radioactive decay, network traffic. Brownian Motion Continuous, nowhere differentiable paths. Properties: Starting at zero: \(B_0 =

voltage (electromotive force, emf) is determined by: E°cell = E°cathode – E°anode A positive E°cell indicates a spontaneous process, typical of galvanic cells. Electrode Kinetics and Overpotential While thermodynamics dictate whether a reaction can occur, kinetics determine h