dissent

Saudi Arabia? Sectarian tensions stem from religious differences, political marginalization of Shia communities, control over oil-rich eastern regions, and broader regional rivalries, especially between Saudi Arabia and Iran, which is a majority Shia country. Who ar

erceived threats to justify restrictive measures. Normalization of Surveillance: Cultivating acceptance of monitoring as a societal norm. Legal and Institutional Frameworks Legislation: Enacting laws that criminalize certain types of dissent