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ture, and the timing of salmon runs. Pollution: Runoff containing pesticides, heavy metals, and other pollutants degrade water quality, impacting salmon health. Human Activities Dams and Hydropower: Dams obstruct migration routes, preventing salmon from reach

ic Practices Throughout its history, Ballymaloe has championed sustainable food practices. The Ballymaloe Organic Farm, established alongside the cookery school, supplies much of the ingredients used in classes and restaurants.