algorithm

Flow Equations: Power flow equations are inherently nonlinear, making the solution process complex and computationally intensive. Measurement Noise and Errors: Sensor inaccuracies can lead to erroneous estimates. Large-Scale Systems: As

Challenges and Limitations Despite their strengths, GAs face certain challenges: Computational Cost: Large solution spaces can lead to significant computation times. Parameter Tuning: Proper selection of genetic operators and